(2) YA Gaddy introduces readers to four young family members of prominent abolitionists and the contributions they made in their own right. Lewis Douglass, son of Frederick Douglass, often helped those escaping enslavement (along with his siblings). George Garrison, son of William Lloyd Garrison, helped his father with his newspaper, the Liberator. Charlotte Forten was the granddaughter of a free Black man who gave Garrison (who was white) money to begin the Liberator and was the niece of Harriet and Margaretta Forten, who started the Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society. Lucy McKim, daughter of Miller McKim, white president of the Pennsylvania Anti-Slavery Society, taught newly freed Black children in South Carolina (as did Charlotte) and later compiled the book Slave Songs of the United States. Lewis and George both fought with the Black regiments formed in Massachusetts. With focus alternating among the four, and occasionally overlapping, the book begins in 1854 and carries readers through the Civil War and its aftermath. Letters, newspaper articles, and journal entries add depth to this extensively researched narrative. The engaging and illuminating text, with some interspersed period artifacts and illustrations, sheds new light on the fight to end slavery in the United States, with an emphasis on the role of young people, which will likely be of special interest to its intended audience.

Reviewer: Nicholl Denice Montgomery | Horn Book Magazine Issue: July, 2025

(2) 4-6 In this coming-of-age Western, twelve-year-old Will Samuels and his father, a stoic, formerly enslaved man, leave their sharecropper home in Texas for the Oklahoma Land Rush of 1889. Along the way, they encounter Caesar, a Black former Union officer who makes the journey with them. The group encounters perils such as wild animals, gunslingers, and, most dangerous of all, former Confederate soldiers who are still fighting the war. Will and Father grow closer during the brutal trek. Eventually, circumstances force Will to show leadership and bravery to help his family lay claim to land. Rhodes's storytelling is at its strongest during times of high drama, such as when Caesar is shot and when the trio traverses the treacherous Red River. The writing isn't quite as successful during quieter moments, and the use of relatively modern terms such as "Black" and "enslaved" is a bit jarring in a historical novel. Still, readers who love adventure will find much to enjoy here, and the book would pair well with Cline-Ransome's One Big Open Sky (rev. 3/24). An afterword addresses how the land rush was made possible by the subjugation of Indigenous people and links this fictional story with the Tulsa Race Massacre that saw racist whites kill successful Black residents, many of whose families participated in the 1889 land rush.

Reviewer: Marva Anne Hinton | Horn Book Magazine Issue: March, 2025

(1) 4-6 In 1879, Lettie's African American family begins a westward journey from Natchez, Mississippi, to Nebraska, where her father seeks a better life for them. "We can't live free / on someone else's land / picking someone else's crop! / I need something to call my own." Eleven-year-old Lettie, her parents, and her two younger brothers load all they can into a wagon and join a caravan of ten families journeying on flatboat and on foot. Cline-Ransome's spare free-verse narrative centers three skillfully developed female voices: Lettie; her mother, Sylvia; and eighteen-year-old Philomena, on her way to her first teaching job in Nebraska. Lettie keeps track of the miles and spending on supplies while Sylvia does her best to keep the children's spirits uplifted. Philomena joins the family in Missouri, gaining passage in exchange for help with cooking and laundry. The treacherous terrain, extreme weather changes, and unforeseen tragedies are overwhelming at times, but the sense of community among the travelers offers a prevailing sense of hope. This is a captivating story about African American homesteaders and their claims to land promised them after the Civil War.

Reviewer: Pauletta Brown Bracy | Horn Book Magazine Issue: March, 2024

(2) K-3 Illustrated by E. B. Lewis. In "Song of Myself," Whitman defines the essence of his poetry: "I am the poet of the Body and I am the poet of the Soul." This picture-book biography covering Whitman's experiences during the Civil War introduces readers to that "Soul" by showcasing his deeply felt compassion. After traveling to Virginia to see his wounded brother, he is so affected by the plight of injured soldiers that he moves to Washington and takes a part-time job that allows him time to visit the many hospitalized war casualties, befriending them by writing letters, bringing treats, and just listening to their stories. Appropriately placed excerpts from his poetry, and a letter to his mother, underscore the deep connections between his words and his deeds. Whitman writes in Leaves of Grass: "And my heart, O my soldiers, my veterans, / My heart gives you love." Others are inspired by his actions to contribute both money and baked goods for these soldiers. Lewis's watercolor portraits of Whitman, staring at readers with his steady blue eyes, are nearly as realistic as the Mathew Brady photograph appended in the back matter. Hospital scenes are less detailed, while the battleground illustrations blunt the horrors of war, as Lewis displays a more impressionistic style. An author's note providing more details about Whitman and a bibliography conclude this fine book.

Reviewer: Betty Carter | Horn Book Magazine Issue: September, 2024

(2) 4-6 Adapted by Ibram X. Kendi. Illustrated by Jazzmen Lee-Johnson. In 1860, more than fifty years after the United States outlawed the slave trade, the ship Clotilda journeyed back to Alabama from West Africa, carrying kidnapped people. Years later, Hurston, renowned anthropologist, writer, and folklorist, interviewed eighty-six-year-old Cudjo Lewis (born Oluale Kossula), who was purportedly the last survivor of the ship, at his home in Plateau, Alabama. Kendi (adapter of Hurston's Magnolia Flower, rev. 11/22, and The Making of Butterflies, rev. 5/23) has adapted the seminal work, first published in 2018, for young readers. He opens by providing thoroughly drawn context, characterizing the transatlantic human trade as the "most dramatic chapter in the story of human existence" and describing the horrific conditions under which enslaved people existed. In African American Vernacular English, or Ebonics ("I want tell-ee somebody who I is...I want you everywhere you go to tell everybody what Cudjo say"), the man shared memories of his family and community in his home village, the harrowing Middle Passage, his five-and-a-half years of enslavement, and his freedom following the Civil War during which he married, had children, and cofounded AfricaTown (later renamed Plateau). Throughout the story, his loneliness and longing to return to his native home are palpable, supplying readers with an intimate perspective on his strength to survive. Kendi illuminates these memories in a captivating narrative that exudes empathy and authenticity. Pencil and black ink drawings (unseen) accompany the text. Powerful, profound, and necessary.

Reviewer: Pauletta Brown Bracy | Horn Book Magazine Issue: January, 2024

(3) 4-6 Illustrated by Bryan Collier. During the Civil War, an enslaved man plans a daring escape. Robert Smalls steers a Confederate ship through Charleston Harbor with his wife, their children, and twelve other enslaved people on board. Their mission, to reach a Union blockade just beyond the harbor, was a “life-or-death voyage.” Moore builds the drama and suspense in the story of his great-grandfather’s escape (contextualized in an author’s note) with careful pacing, and the dangerous journey comes to life through beautiful, collage-style illustrations that capture the escapees’ emotions.

Reviewer: Marva Anne Hinton

(2) K-3 Illustrated by E. B. Lewis. A true story from the Civil War offers insight into a little-known aspect of ­African American history. In 1861 ­Virginia, a man named George Scott, who had escaped enslavement, overhears how field hands had rowed to the nearby Fortress Monroe seeking refuge--and Union soldiers had not returned them to captivity. Scott joins the flow of people seeking freedom, known as "contrabands." At the fortress, he tells Major General Benjamin Franklin Butler that he knows the location of some ­Confederates, and Butler sends him on a reconnaissance mission. His bravery and heroism prompt Butler to seek freedom for Scott and the others, writing, "These contrabands had been property, but since they had been abandoned, they were now simply men, women, and children... These human beings must be given the free enjoyment of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." Castrovilla's straightforward narrative style makes the events readily accessible to readers who are interested in this complex era of American history. Lewis's atmospheric watercolors convey themes of urgency and humanity. Comprehensive back matter includes additional information about contrabands, Butler, Scott, and Fort Monroe; archival photographs; and a bibliography.

Reviewer: Pauletta Brown Bracy | Horn Book Magazine Issue: January, 2022

(2) K-3 Adapted by Ibram X. Kendi. Illustrated by Loveis Wise. Kendi's (Stamped, rev. 5/20) adaptation of a short story by Hurston softens (or leaves out) the original's violence, adds elements that are explained in a historical endnote, and retains the narrative frame of a "Mighty River" telling a brook a story about people in love. The tale begins with Bentley, who escapes enslavement and marries Swift Deer, a Cherokee woman. They have a daughter they name ­Magnolia Flower, who grows up during the Civil War and falls in love with a brown-skinned man named John. Bentley doesn't approve of John and locks him up to keep the lovers apart. Magnolia Flower frees him and they run away. The story ends with their return to the banks of the river forty years later. Both the lyrical text and the flowing digital illustrations let the theme of love running through Hurston's stories shine. Wise's (The People Remember, rev. 11/21; Ablaze with Color, rev. 3/22) brightly colored images capture the beauty of the forest and the love between ­Magnolia Flower and John. In his appended author's note, Kendi explains his intention behind adapting a short story for adults as a picture-book text: "The earlier we expose our children to our literary treasures--to our literary legends like Hurston--the ­better."

Reviewer: Nicholl Denice Montgomery | Horn Book Magazine Issue: November, 2022

(2) 4-6 Shang (coauthor of Not Your All-American Girl, rev. 3/21) takes the little-known fact that several Asian American men fought in the Civil War and works it into a contemporary story about bullying, cultural acceptance, and forgiveness. Evan Pao, twelve, is the new kid in (fictional) Haddington, Virginia. His family has relocated from California for a fresh start after his father's get-rich-quick scheme nearly bankrupts them. Although Evan makes some new friends, he is constantly harassed by a classmate. He also wonders about his place in this small, mostly white, Southern town where many students take pride in their Confederate ancestors. While preparing for "Battlefield Day," a Civil War reenactment celebration, Evan excitedly shares information with his class about Chinese Union soldiers. His house is shot at the next day, seemingly in retaliation. In the aftermath of this harrowing event, the characters explore any possibility of reconciliation. The novel's strongest parts occur when Evan questions why "the whole history" of the Civil War isn't widely represented: Shang includes short passages on glossing over slavery in the classroom, honoring women who fought in the Civil War, and debating the removal of a Confederate statue.

Reviewer: Michelle Lee | Horn Book Magazine Issue: September, 2022

(2) K-3 Illustrated by Floyd Cooper. Through the eyes of a formerly enslaved ten-year-old boy, Henderson recounts the story of what some consider to be the first celebration of Decoration Day, currently observed as Memorial Day. In 1865 in Charleston, South Carolina, Papa has been rising early to do "man's work." Eli, who would rather be with Papa than go to school, can only imagine what kind of important work Papa and the other men are doing. When pressed, all Papa says is, "We were diggin', and buildin', and paintin'." At last, Eli discovers that Papa and the men are converting a racecourse, once used as a Confederate jail, into a monument to the Union soldiers who had fought for freedom of the enslaved and died while imprisoned. Eli and his schoolmates help by painting a fence. The next day, a mile-long parade of neighbors, singing tributes to the unknown Union soldiers, marches to the site and spreads flowers among their graves. Henderson's affecting narrative resonates with reverence, and Cooper's prolific use of muted browns and yellows creates a solemn yet celebratory tone. An image of the family backed by an enormous setting sun conveys freedom and hope as Eli declares, "Me, Mama, and Papa can't never be sold away no more...we will never forget what [the Union soldiers have] given of themselves for the priceless gift of our liberty." This worthy title offers another little-known fact about African American contributions that are an imperative part of America's history and traditions. Back matter includes an author's note, a timeline, source notes (acknowledging the contested history of the holiday), and a bibliography.

Reviewer: Pauletta Brown Bracy | Horn Book Magazine Issue: July, 2021

(2) K-3 Born into slavery, Elizabeth Keckly (sometimes spelled Keckley) followed in her mother's footsteps as a seamstress and dressmaker, eventually earning the twelve hundred dollars she needed to buy her and her son's freedom. One the eve of the Civil War she moved from St. Louis to Washington, where her work caught the attention of the wives of leaders on both sides of the growing conflict--Varina Davis, wife of Jefferson Davis; Mary Anna Custis Lee, wife of Robert E. Lee; and Mary Todd Lincoln. When Keckly's party dress for Mrs. Lincoln was a success, she was commissioned to make at least fifteen more over the next couple of years. Schofield-Morrison's (I Got the Christmas Spirit, rev. 11/18) text effectively combines a third-person narrative with italicized, unflinching first-person quotations drawn from Keckly's memoir, Behind the Scenes, or, Thirty Years a Slave, and Four Years in the White House. The refrain "stitch by stitch" runs throughout the text, a thread complemented by Zunon's (I Am Farmer, rev. 1/19; Off to See the Sea, rev. 1/21) illustrations using a variety of media, including fabric, lace, ribbon, and appliqué. A handsome introduction to a remarkable woman and her craft. An author's note and a bibliography are appended.

Reviewer: Dean Schneider | Horn Book Magazine Issue: November, 2021

(2) YA Ely ("pronounced, he always said, to rhyme with freely") Samuel Parker was "a man who more than any other walked with honor in two worlds." The boy with the Seneca name Ha-sa-no-an-da was born on the Buffalo Creek Reservation in Upstate New York in 1828, attended "English" schools, and would come to occupy "a unique and special place in American history." When Robert E. Lee surrendered at Appomattox Court House in 1865, it was Brevet Brigadier General Parker, then Ulysses S. Grant's personal secretary, who wrote the official terms of surrender. In a long life of public service, Ely Parker was a major voice of the Iroquois Confederacy, an engineer for the Genesee Valley Canal, a commissioner for Indian Affairs, and a successful Wall Street investor. Bruchac relates Parker's story clearly, honoring the dual context within which Parker lived, and placing his life within the context of his times, including the struggles of Native Americans to preserve their lands, the Civil War, the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, and Reconstruction. Numerous archival photographs, paintings, and a map are used to good effect, and back matter includes a timeline, source notes, bibliography, and notes on the use of Native names throughout the volume.

Reviewer: Dean Schneider | Horn Book Magazine Issue: January, 2021

(2) YA Medical Fiascoes series. Jarrow (most recently The Poison Eaters, rev. 1/20) keeps keen focus on her topic--"the story of medicine during the Civil War"--throughout this valuable work of informational literature. After quickly establishing that the Civil War was fought over slavery, along with an intense depiction of the First Battle of Bull Run, Jarrow reveals the war's deadliest danger: disease. Through a balanced combination of strong narration and harrowing archival first-person accounts, Jarrow demonstrates how unsanitary living conditions coupled with a lack of microbial science knowledge allowed diseases such as dysentery, typhoid fever, pneumonia, smallpox, tuberculosis, and malaria to kill both Union and Confederate soldiers at twice the rate of battle injuries. Jarrow never shies away from the grim and grisly (exemplified by an in-depth account of the amputation process); however, numerous quotes and images of specific individuals throughout humanize the suffering. Substantial attention is spent highlighting the stories and contributions of women and people of color to the war effort--often in well-designed sidebars and double-page inserts. The enduring medical innovations developed during the war are effectively spot-lit at the book's conclusion. With her previous topics including the bubonic plague and typhoid fever, this first book in the Medical Fiascoes series confirms Jarrow's ability to craft meticulous, page-turning informational texts that thoughtfully examine the history of modern medicine. Back matter includes a timeline, glossary, resources, author's note, acknowledgments, source notes, general and personal accounts, bibliographies, index, and picture credits.

Reviewer: Patrick Gall | Horn Book Magazine Issue: March, 2021

(3) 4-6 With Tonya Bolden. Beginning with the Emancipation Proclamation, African American scholar Gates documents the people and events that led to the end of the Civil War and the beginning of Reconstruction; the readable narrative then describes the debates, violence, and racism that ensued. Quotes from influential people along with black-and-white drawings and photos help tell the story of this overlooked period in history. Bib., ind.

Reviewer: Nicholl Denice Montgomery

(4) K-3 Illustrated by Poppy Kang. In 1862, enslaved crewman Robert Smalls planned and executed an audacious, dangerous nighttime hijack of a Confederate warship, piloting ten miles into Union-controlled waters--and thereby rescuing himself and fifteen others from slavery. The text clearly relates the story while also maintaining intense suspense and drama. Illustrations are rather bland and static but help establish setting and atmosphere. Reading list. Bib., glos.

Reviewer: Martha V. Parravano

(3) YA Miller explores Lee's life and times in this accessible and thorough biography for middle- and high-school students. Moving beyond the myths (both positive and negative) associated with Lee, Miller examines and unpacks his complicated and tumultuous family history and fills in details about his life before and after the Civil War. Black-and-white archival images help provide a sense of time and place. Timeline, websites. Bib., ind.

Reviewer: Kristy Pasquariello

(3) YA Destitute, orphaned Danny and Kathleen O'Carolan emigrate from Ireland to New York City during the Civil War. To stay together, older sibling Kathleen forces twelve-year-old Danny to pose as a girl so he can avoid being conscripted into the army and the two can get jobs as housemaids. A strong sense of time and place carries this novel through to its optimistic denouement.

Reviewer: Betty Carter

(3) 4-6 Illustrated by Lisa Weber. In a quirky (if gimmicky) presentation, the events of Abraham Lincoln's life are explained to him in the second person. The central conceit is that Lincoln's success was dictated by the important decisions he made in his life and career, several of which are outlined in multiple-choice format throughout the narrative. An unconventional and humorous way to approach biography. Reading list, timeline, websites.

Reviewer: Kristy Pasquariello

(1) YA Just days after Jane was born, the Civil War became a war between the living and the undead. Now seventeen, Jane is shipped off to a frontier outpost to be a white society lady's Attendant, a chaperone/bodyguard warding off scandal and "shamblers" alike. A refreshingly subversive zombie action story/alternate history featuring a biracial, bisexual heroine--and an unflinching condemnation of institutionalized American racism, then and now.

Reviewer: Katie Bircher | Horn Book Magazine Issue: May, 2018

(3) 4-6 Kanefield offers a thoroughly researched and often moving introduction to President Lincoln's life and family. She also succinctly clarifies convoluted nineteenth-century politics and the historical importance of complex, contentious issues (e.g., the Missouri Compromise; the Dred Scott Supreme Court decision) that divided Americans and resulted in the Civil War. Numerous primary source quotes and well-captioned photos, drawings, and documents aid the narrative. Timeline. Bib., ind.

Reviewer: Jack Forman